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高考英语语法归纳：冠词

一、冠词

冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)，定冠词(the)，和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法

1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.

2次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。

3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.

4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.

5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事— Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?

—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.

A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)

6用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time

7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.

8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事

a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事

a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事

a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识

　II. 定冠词的用法

1表示某一类人或物In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.

A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the

2用于世上无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?

4用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar

5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded

6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5)—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /

7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级较前He is the taller of the two children.

8用于党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.

10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)

11用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.

12用于方位名词，身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.

　III. 不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法

1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?

3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.

5表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.

6与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.

A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填

7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.